By Muhammad Amaan
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has released the second edition of SHAKE the salt habit, a technical package for sodium reduction, to support countries in accelerating efforts to reduce high salt consumption, a major global health threat.
Most people worldwide have high sodium intake and live in environments that lead to excessive consumption.
SHAKE presents a consolidated package of proven policies to help governments protect populations and save lives.
WHO, in a statement on Tuesday stated that SHAKE brought together the latest WHO guidelines and “Best buys interventions’’ for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) into a structured approach.
Globally, average sodium intake is estimated to be more than twice the WHO recommended limit of 2000 mg per day (equivalent to 5 g of salt or about one teaspoon), contributing to 1.7 million deaths in 2023.
Excess sodium intake is a leading dietary risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease globally.
While public health guidance frequently emphasises reducing salt intake, food environments present persistent challenges, with high levels of sodium embedded in processed, packaged foods.
The world remains off track to meet the global sodium reduction target of 30 per cent by 2030.
Currently only 28 per cent of the world population live in countries with mandatory sodium reduction policies.
Launched during Salt Awareness Week 2026, the updated SHAKE technical package responds to the urgent need for stronger, more effective government action to protect public health.
“Excess salt consumption remains among the top preventable drivers of death globally, and implementing mandatory policies to reduce sodium intake is one of the most cost-effective actions countries can take to protect people from cardiovascular disease,” Dr Luz Maria De Regil, Director of the Department of Nutrition and Food Safety at WHO, said.
“With the updated SHAKE the salt habit, WHO is equipping countries with practical, evidence-based tools to take decisive, government-led action and prevent millions of deaths each year.”
The updated resource provides a clear, step-by-step guide to reducing populations’ sodium intake, bringing together the latest evidence-based guidance, practical tools and country examples compiled through an extensive collaborative process.
The SHAKE package places a strong emphasis on mandatory, government-led approaches and a structured programme model to support coordinated national action.
The package organizes interventions into a coherent framework, defined by the SHAKE acronym: Surveillance, Harness industry, Adopt standards for labelling and marketing, Knowledge and Environment.
Importantly, the updated SHAKE package includes guidance on managing conflicts of interest with the food industry, stating clearly that the industry should not set public health policy.
It explains how to regulate and cut back on health-harming products that contain high amounts of added sodium.
It also provides detailed annexes on data collection, enforcement, and countering common industry arguments.
“The second edition of SHAKE offers a practical menu of measures that countries can readily apply, with clear, step-by-step guidance, and strong opportunities to scale up mandatory approaches to reduce persistently high salt intake across the region,” Xi Yin, Coordinator, Health Promotion and Policy unit said.
Xi is the Acting Lead for the Nutrition and Food Safety unit in the Division of Health Promotion, Disease Prevention and Control of the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
“Several countries in the Western Pacific Region have drawn on SHAKE to inform their salt reduction efforts, grounded in country-specific data and experience, and we look forward to many more following their lead.”
WHO urges policy-makers to commit to bold action with national sodium reduction goals and develop comprehensive programmes with policies and interventions that transform food environments, so that reducing salt intake becomes achievable.
